Influence of the “Sunshine Kitchen Project” on the standardized operation of catering industry / 上海预防医学

Objective:To analyze the unqualified rate of the observation indicaors before and after the implementation of “Sunshine Kitchen Project” in order to provide reference for improving the management of catering industry. Methods:This study included 415 catering establishments with implementation of the “Sunshine Kitchen Project” as intervention group and 210 catering establishments as control group without the implementation. By combining cohort study with case-control study， the unqualified rate of each observation indicator in intervention group and control group was analyzed. Results:After the intervention of “Sunshine Kitchen Project”， the unqualified rate of seven observation indicators related to operational behavior was significantly reduced， with an overall decrease of 12.44%. There were significant differences among the unqualified rate of large and medium-sized catering units and canteens in the intervention group （P < 0.001）. There was no statistically significant change in the unqualified rate of seven indicators in the control group （P > 0.1）. Compared with the control group before and after the intervention， the reduction of unqualified rate in the intervention group was significantly larger than that in the control group. The overall unqualified rate of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group （P < 0.001）. Conclusion:The project of “Sunshine Kitchen” plays an active role in promoting the standardized operation of catering industry.

Editais públicos para o fornecimento de pequenas refeições e o Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador: um estudo de caso / Public announcements for the supply of small meals and the Workers? Food Program: a case study

The objective of this study was to verify whether public announcements for the supply of small meals are consistent with the recommendations of the Workers? Food Program (WFP). Research for the announcements was carried out through Internet search in the official press sites of the states of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, using the following keywords: meal supply public announcements and food supply public announcements. The menus of small meals were selected and analyzed for energy content (kcal), macronutrients (%), fiber (g), sodium (mg), and NdPcal (%) and compared with the recommendation of the Workers? Food Program - WFP. Twenty-two menus selected from eight announcements were analyzed and none of them were in accordance with all nutri¬tional parameters recommended by the WFP. The inadequacies regard¬ing values above the recommended parameters were total energy value, carbohydrates, total fat, saturated fat, and sodium. Regarding values below the recommended parameter, the menus studied were inadequate for dietary fiber and protein. The recommendations of the WFP would be a good parameter to be followed by public institutions, because this program advocates healthy eating habits for the working class.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue verificar si los edictos públicos para el suministro de pequeñas comidas están de acuerdo con las recomendaciones del Programa de Alimentación del Trabajador - PAT. La investigación de los edictos se realizó a través de la búsqueda por internet en el site de la prensa oficial del estado de São Paulo y de Rio de Janeiro, usando las siguientes palabras clave: edicto de suministro de comidas y edicto de suministro de alimentación. Los menús para pequeñas comidas fueron seleccionados y analizados por su contenido de energía (Kcal), macronutrientes (%), fibras (g), sodio (mg) y NdPcal (%), comparándolos con la recomendación del Programa de Alimentación del Trabajador - PAT. En los ocho edictos seleccionados se analizaron 22 menús y no se encontró ninguno que cumpliese estrictamente todos los parámetros nutricionales recomendados por el PAT. Las inadecuaciones se daban tanto por exceso como por defecto. Los valores que estaban por encima de lo recomendado, presentaban unos menús con un exceso de nivel en valor energético total, hidratos de carbono, grasas totales, grasas saturadas y sodio. Y, entre los que estaban por debajo de lo recomendado, se encontró que dichos menús presentaban un escaso nivel de fibras y proteínas. Las recomendaciones del PAT serían un buen parámetro a seguir por parte de los órganos públicos, ya que este programa promueve la alimentación saludable para los trabajadores.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se os editais públicos para fornecimento de pequenas refeições estão de acordo com as recomendações do Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador. A pesquisa dos editais foi feita por meio de busca na internet em site da imprensa oficial dos estados de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro, utilizando as palavras-chave: edital de fornecimento de refeições e edital de fornecimento de alimentação. Os cardápios de pequenas refeições foram selecionados e analisados em relação ao conteúdo de energia (kcal), macronutrientes (%), fibras alimentares (g), sódio (mg) e NdPcal (%) e comparados com a recomendação do Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador - PAT. Nos oito editais selecionados, foram analisados 22 cardápios, não sendo encontrado nenhum deles em total conformidade com todos os parâmetros nutricionais previstos pelo PAT. As inadequações referentes aos valores acima do recomendado foram: valor energético total, carboidratos, gorduras totais, gorduras saturadas e sódio. Já em relação ao que estava abaixo do recomendado, verificou-se inadequação para fibras alimentares e proteínas. As recomendações do PAT seriam um bom parâmetro a ser seguido pelos órgãos públicos, uma vez que este programa pre¬coniza uma alimentação saudável para os trabalhadores.

Avaliação do consumo alimentar em creches públicas em São Paulo, Brasil / Evaluation of food consumption at public day care centers in São Paulo, Brazil / Evaluación del consumo alimentar en guarderías públicas en São Paulo, Brasil

Avaliar o consumo energético e a adequação da dieta de crianças frequentadoras de berçários de creches públicas e filantrópicas no município de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal em 16 berçários, frequentados por 236 crianças com idades entre 12 e 29 meses. A coleta dos dados foi realizada pelo método de pesagem direta durante três dias não consecutivos. Para o cálculo nutricional, foi utilizado o software DietWin Profissional 2.0®, sendo posteriormente calculada a adequação do consumo de energia, proteína, ferro, vitamina A e vitamina C. Para o cálculo de proteína, ferro, vitamina A e C, foi utilizada como referência a necessidade média estimada (Estimated Average Requiremen) do National Research Council (2002). O cálcio foi avaliado pela ingestão adequada (Adequate Intake, 1999). A avaliação da ingestão de energia foi realizada com base na necessidade energética estimada (Estimated Energy Requirement, 2002). Os dados foram analisados no programa Epi-Info 2000, versão 3.4.3. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados déficits médios para energia (49,78 por cento), ferro (81,67 por cento), cálcio (57,44 por cento), excessos de proteína (183,27 por cento) e vitaminas A (126,86 por cento) e C (57,44 por cento). A distribuição dos percentuais de adequação dos macronutrientes mostrou-se inadequada para lipídeos. CONCLUSÕES: Embora os cardápios servidos em creches sejam planejados por nutricionistas, os resultados apontam possíveis falhas no processo da alimentação infantil relacionadas à preparação, porcionamento e/ou práticas de oferta dos alimentos. Tais achados reforçam a necessidade de ações de educação e supervisão em saúde para garantir o fornecimento de alimentação adequada a este grupo populacional.

To evaluate the energy intake and dietary adequacy of children attending nurseries of public and not-for-profit daycare centers in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted at 16 nurseries, attended by 236 children between the ages of 12 and 29 months. Data collection was carried out by the direct weighing method over three nonconsecutive days. The DietWin® 2.0 Professional software was used for nutritional calculations. The adequacy of energy, protein, iron, vitamin A and vitamin C intake was calculated, also with the aforementioned software, using 2002 National Research Council Estimated Average Requirements as a reference. Adequate Intake (1999) was used as the reference for calcium intake, and Estimated Energy Requirements (2002), for evaluation of energy intake. Data were analyzed using the Epi-Info 3.4.3 software. RESULTS: We identified deficiencies in energy, iron, and calcium intake (mean deficits of 49.78 percent, 81.67 percent, and 57.44 percent respectively), as well as excessive intake of protein (183.27 percent) and vitamins A and C (126.86 percent and 57.44 percent respectively). Regarding macronutrients, fat intake was also found to be inadequate. CONCLUSIONS: Although the meals served at public daycare centers in Brazil are planned by dietitians, the findings of this study reveal potential flaws in the way food is prepared, portioned, and offered to children. These results demonstrate the need for further recycling and ongoing supervision to ensure the provision of adequate levels of food consumption to this population.

Evaluar el consumo energético y la adecuación de la dieta de niños frecuentadores de guarderías públicas y filantrópicas en el municipio de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal en 16 nidos, frecuentados por 236 niños con edades entre 12 y 29 meses. La recolección de los datos se realizó por el método de pesaje directo durante tres días no consecutivos. Para el cálculo nutricional, se utilizó el software DietWin Profissional 2.0®, siendo posteriormente calculada la adecuación del consumo de energía, proteína, hierro, vitamina A y vitamina C. Para el cálculo de proteína, hierro, vitaminas A y C, se utilizó como referencia la necesidad mediana estimada (Estimated Average Requirement) del National Research Council (2002). El calcio se evaluó por la ingestión adecuada (Adequate Intake, 1999). La evaluación de la ingestión de energía se realizó con base en la necesidad energética estimada (Estimated Energy Requirement, 2002). Los datos fueron analizados en el programa Epi-Info 2000, versión 3.4.3. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron déficits medianos para energía (49,78 por ciento), hierro (81,67 por ciento), calcio (57,44 por ciento), excesos de proteína (183,27 por ciento) y vitaminas A (126,86 por ciento) y C (57,44 por ciento). La distribución de los porcentuales de adecuación de los macronutrientes se mostró inadecuada para lípidos. CONCLUSIONES: Aunque los menús servidos en guarderías sean planeados por nutricionistas, los resultados apuntan a posibles fallas en el proceso de la alimentación infantil relacionadas a la preparación, proporcionamiento y/o prácticas de oferta de los alimentos. Tales hallazgos refuerzan la necesidad de acciones de educación y supervisión en salud para garantizar el suministro de alimentación adecuada a este grupo poblacional.

Study on the Dietetic Internship Program of Catering Company / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The purposes of this research were to examine the effect of the catering company's dietetic internship program through a self-evaluating ability test about management performance between pre and post internship programs and consequently to suggest improvement in the internship program. In this study, two types of questionnaires were conducted in July and October 2006, targeting 41 dietetic interns who trained in a 6 months internship program. Except the 4 dropped interns, data from 37 interns were collected and used for statistical analysis, using the SPSS Win 11.0 version. The results of this study were as follows: First of all, the analysis on the effect of the internship program according to classified management segments showed significant improvements in the following order: purchase management (p < 0.001), computer program management (p < 0.001), facilities management (p < 0.001), accounting management (p < 0.01), personnel management (p < 0.01), retention management (p < 0.01), sanitation management (p < 0.01), service management (p < 0.01) and foodservice management (p < 0.01). However, there was no significantly improvement in management of clients. Secondly, the result of the analysis on the details of each management segment that were significant improvement and changing score was the top 5 duties were as follows: In the purchase management, the score of weekly and daily order management was increased 1.0 (p < 0.001), the score of weekly inventory management was 0.81 (p < 0.001). In the computation office management, expenses handling through a computer program was 0.65 (p < 0.01). In the personnel management, the score of work schedule management increased 0.81 (p < 0.001). In the accounting management, the score of monthly profit and loss account management was 0.65 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, qualified educational programs connected with the internship program will have to be systematically developed and continually carried out in order to improve service and management abilities of branch managers.

Analysis of Information Structure and Contents on the Web Sites for Catering Services

This study examined the structure and contents of the information provided by the web sites, in terms of clarity, business goal, authority, sustainment of operation and responsibility of customer care, as well as menus. The findings from the analysis of 217 web sites selected from 5 major portal sites, are 1) most of catering business over internet are located around Seoul area, 2) almost 80% of the selected sites are administered by professional agents or firms while the remnants by individuals, 3) except menu and price, any additional information is hardly shown, 4) about three quarter of the sites opened after 2001, that is coherent with the trend of the growth of internet users and eating-out, 5) it is strongly required to create healthful cyber space for the customers, 6) a small number of the sites(12.4%) try to manage access from customers, 7) many sites(73.7%) open the channels for feedback from the customers 8) among the types of catering services offered by the sites, home party is the most popular and the kinds of cuisine, Korean, Japanese, and Chinese, are divided into almost same proportion of the sites, 9) the average number of dishes is 33.5, 10) they offer 7 to 8 different dishes of grain, 4 to 6 of meat, 4 to 10 of fishes, 5 to 13 of vegetables, 1 of fruits, and 1 to 3 of dairy products, 11) The majority of price level is 15,001won ~ 20,000won.

Práticas alimentares e perfil lipídico indesejável em trabalhadores petroquímicos / Eating habits and undesirable lipidic profiles in petrochemical industry workers

No universo dos trabalhadores de uma indústria petroquímica de Camaçari, Bahia - Brasil, foi realizado estudo de corte transversal, para medida da associação entre práticas alimentares e perfil lipídico indesejável. Os dados sobre hábitos alimentares e atividade física foram obtidos por questionário semi-estruturado e os dados secundários, clínico-laboratoriais e dietéticos, a partir da ficha clínica padronizada e da ficha do cardápio diário. Para análise, foram usadas as Prevalências (P), Intervalos de Confiança a 95% (IC 95%), Razões de Prevalência (RP) e regressão logística. A quota energética média, consumida diariamente, numa única refeição, na indústria, independentemente do turno de trabalho, correspondeu a 96,1% da quota energética, total, média diária, dos trabalhadores. A prevalência das práticas alimentares mais lipídicas foi de 63,9%, IC (53,6; 74,2); de colesterol total indesejável de 49,4%, IC (38,6; 60,2) e a da não participação no Programa de Qualidade de Vida, de 60,2%, IC (49,7; 70,7). A RP entre práticas alimentares e perfil lipídico indesejável, de 1,43, IC (1,02; 2,01), com p < 0,05.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the association between eating habits and undesirable lipidic profiles in the universe of petrochemical workers (n = 83) in Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil. The data concerning eating habits and physical activities were obtained using semi-structured questionnaires, while the secondary data, i.e. the clinical and laboratorial data were obtained using standardized clinical data registration forms and the daily menu records. Analysis input elements consisted of: Prevalences (P); Confidence Intervals up to 95% (IC 95%); Prevalence Quotient (RP) and Logistical Regressions. The average energetic quota ingested per day in a single meal within the industrial plant, independent of the work shift corresponded to 96.1% of the total average energetic quota for the workers. The prevalence of more lipidic eating habits was 63.9%, IC (53.6; 74.2); undesirable cholesterol 49.4%, IC (38.6; 60.2) and non-participation in the Quality of Life Program was 60.2% (IC (49,7; 70,7). The Prevalence Quotient (RP) between eating habits and undesirable lipid profile was 1.43, IC (1.02; 2.01), with p < 0.05.

Use and Customer Satisfaction with Catering Services among Women in Cheongju city

In order to obtain baseline data for quality improvement of the catering services, a survey was carried out to investigate the consumer use and satisfaction with catering services. Subjects were 171 women who had used catering services within a year previously, and were replied to a questionnaire. The results were as follows: With respect to the use of the catering service, most reasons for using the catering service were no time and no cooking skills, and most events using catering services were the first birthday party and 100th day party for baby. The preferred meal cost was 8,000-10,000 won per person. With respect to customer satisfaction, over 60% of the people were satisfied with catering service which they had used ; they were satisfied with service quality and quantity of the dishes provided whereas they showed a little bit dissatisfaction in desserts and seasonal foods. It is recommended that supplying of sufficient desserts, and development of new and various menus according to seasons should be required to improve the consumer satisfaction with catering services.

The Case Study of the Nutrition Services for Patients as a Result of the Changes in Food Services Management / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in the Department of Nutrition and patient satisfaction, following the changes in Food Services Management. Statistical data analyses were completed using the SAS/Win 6.12 program. The results can be summarized as follows. The working environment for dietitians and cooking and meal serving assistants was improved following to a change catering of food service management. The number of dietitians who worked in medical nutritional therapy and food services was increased from one to four, and the number of dietary consultations and meal rounds were increased 2.5-fold and 5-fold, respectively after the change services were implemented. Among the 10 items included in the patient satisfaction questionnaire, "Taste of meals" (p < 0.01) and "Satisfaction of offered menus" (p < 0.01) showed significantly higher scores before the catering. "Kindness of meal serving assistant" this increase was not statistically significant, showed increased satisfaction after the catering, however.

Current Information and Sanitaion Status of Professional Catering Companies / 대한지역사회영양학회지

A survey was performed to provide current information on professional catering companies. Twenty-three catering companies out of thirty-eight(60% recovery) responded the survey for December in 1998. Foodservice establishments managed by 16 small-middle sized catering companies provided an average of 11,200 meals daily, while those managed by major and small-middle sized catering companies were mainly office(72.2%, 57.1%) and school foodservice(15.2%, 26%). The rates of sales of major catering companies and small-middle sized catering companies increased 24%, 30% respectively in 1998. Self-evaluation in catering companies was conducted for sanitary management. Unsatisfactory results from self evaluation were found in three categories, such as, measurement of internal temperature of food materials at reception, ventilation system in the working area, and hand-washing stations with equipment cleaning and sanitizing facilities in front of the working area. Most catering companies expressed a willingness to apply the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system from this survey. "Professional catering business has arisen as an area requiring more consideration and further study for the production of a safe food."

A Survey for Working Plan of Secondary School Feeding in Seoul Metropolitan City and Kyunggi Province

The purpose of this study was to investigate a plan of middle/high school foodservice systems which could properly provide nutrition for juveniles' health. Questionnaires were developed and distributed to: 245 middle schools with 271 parentis, 328 students, 180 teachers, and 345 administrators; 163 high-schools with 223 parents, 466 students, 179 teachers, and 163 administrators in Seoul and Kyunggi province. The results of this study were as followed. For the desirable feeding type as in-school meal plan, 62.2% responded to the current elementary school feeing type;10.3% responded to a lunch-box prepared at home; and 38.0% responded to free dining out type. For a feeding operation type, school administrators, teachers and parents favored the current school feeding systems in elementary schools with proportion of 68.2%, 47.7%, and 87.6% as respectively. Also, 20.3% of school administrators, 22.6% of teachers, and 6.9% of parents preferred contract management. A total of 27.6% of teachers, 9.2% of school administrators, and 3.7% of parents responded to a lunch-box prepared at home. There was a significant difference between the responses for establishing the main body of financial burden to solve the problem of financial burden which could be the most obstacle to bring middle/high school feeding system into operation. For the management of school feeding systems when brought into operation, 88.7% out of 470 responded schools and 89.9% out of 227 responded teachers reported that an expert should manage school feeding systems. For futuristic direction, an effective joint cooking type between schools which may be the way to solve the difficulties in securing the appropriate space and to decrease the financial burden, the problem of transportation for delivering feeding products, low quality of feeding, and sanitation can occur. Therefore, the distance between schools which operate a joint cooking system will affect as a major factor. Furthermore, concrete examination of plans for introduction of various types of school feeding and institutional devices for management system and supervision of operation should become a condition precedent.

Comparisons of Students' and their Parents' Satisfaction of School Lunch Program in middle School by Foodservice Mangement / 대한지역사회영양학회지

A study about the satisfaction of school lunch program was performed to 591 students and 541 parents in 5 middle schools by FS management system. The FS systems of the participating schools were 3 type of self-operating/traditional, self-operating/commissary and catering/delivery systems. Most joyful mealtime to students were identified as lunch because of eating with friends. Satiety after school lunch and leftover were different by FS system, such as adquate satiety greater in self-operating one and leftover food more in catering one than in the others. Foods tasted better in self-operating system than in catering one. The later was very poor for keeping soup hot and found more salty, more sweet and hotter than home meal. Students showed no difference in nutrition education but agreed greater to learning etiquette and to habit of various foods in self-operating system than in catering one. Students concluded they prefered school lunches to home-prepared lunches. Less work to prepare lunches home, better taste and nutrition, same meals to all students and nurition education were main reasons for parent to need school lunch program and they showed higher satisfaction of present school FS in self-operating system than in catering one. Parents claimed hygiene, taste, nutrition, nutrition education, food amount and service should be improved, especially in case of catering system and stressed on hygiene as the most important criteria for good school FS Management. They supported strongly school lunch program to coninue and prefered self-operating system than the others.